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Slater, A., Shann, F., Pearson, G., & Paediatric Index of Mortality PIM Study Group. (2003). PIM2: a revised version of the Paediatric Index of Mortality. Intensive Care Medicine<\/em>, 29<\/em>(2), 278\u2013285. <\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Formule<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
De resulterende regressie formule ziet er dan als volgt uit:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- PIM-2 score =
- -0.9282 x ElectiveAdmission +<\/li>
- -1.0244 x Recovery +<\/li>
- 0.7507 x Bypass +<\/li>
- 1.6829 x HighRisk +<\/li>
- -1.577 x LowRisk +<\/li>
- 3.0791 x Pupils +<\/li>
- 1.3352 x Ventilator +<\/li>
- 0.01395 x (absolute value of SBP (mmHg) – 120) +<\/li>
- 0.1040 x (absolute value of BaseExcess (mmol\/L)) +<\/li>
- 0.2888 x (100 x FiO2 \/ PaO2 (mmHg)) +<\/li>
- -4.8841<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Codering<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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Coding rules<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Ontbrekende waarden worden als volgt gecodeerd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- ElectiveAdmission = 0<\/li>
- Recovery = 0<\/li>
- Bypass = 0<\/li>
- HighRisk = 0<\/li>
- LowRisk = 0<\/li>
- Pupils = 0<\/li>
- Ventilator = 0<\/li>
- SBP = 120<\/li>
- BaseExcess = 0<\/li>
- Bij ontbreken van FiO2 en\/of PaO2:
- FiO2 = 0<\/li>
- PaO2 = 1<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
N.B 1<\/strong> In de PIM-2 worden zowel de laag risico als de hoog risico score meegenomen in de totaal berekening. Dus b.v. een hoog risico diagnose van een hypoplastisch linker hart syndroom in combinatie met een laag risico diagnose van bronchiolitis levert een score op van 1.6829 + -1.577 = 0.1059.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N.B. 2<\/strong> In de PIM-2 wordt recovery automatisch gescoord indien een bypass operatie heeft plaatsgevonden. Dit resulteert dan in een de-facto score van: -1.0244 + 0.7507 = -0.2737 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Voor het scoren moeten de volgende regels worden nageleefd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Record SBP as 0 if the patient is in cardiac arrest, record 30 if the patient is shocked and the blood pressure is so low that it cannot be measured.<\/span><\/li>
- Pupillary reactions to bright light are used as an index of brain function. Do not record an abnormal finding if this is due to drugs, toxins or local eye injury.<\/span><\/li>
- Mechanical ventilation includes mask or nasal CPAP or BiPAP or negative pressure ventilation.<\/span><\/li>
- Elective admission. Include admission after elective surgery or admission for an elective procedure (e.g. insertion of a central line), or elective monitoring, or review of home ventilation. An ICU admission or an operation is considered elective if it could be postponed for more than 6 h without adverse effect.<\/span><\/li>
- Recovery from surgery or procedure includes a radiology procedure or cardiac catheter. Do not include patients admitted from the operating theatre where recovery from surgery is not the main reason for ICU admission (e.g. a patient with a head injury who is admitted from theatre after insertion of an ICP monitor; in this patient the main reason for ICU admission is the head injury).<\/span><\/li>
- Cardiac bypass. These patients must also be coded as recovery from surgery.<\/span><\/li>
- Cardiac arrest preceding ICU admission includes both in-hospital and out-of-hospital arrests. Requires either documented absent pulse or the requirement for external cardiac compression. Do not include past history of cardiac arrest.<\/span><\/li>
- Cerebral haemorrhage must be spontaneous (e.g. from aneurysm or AV malformation). Do not include traumatic cerebral haemorrhage or intracranial haemorrhage that is not intracerebral (e.g. subdural haemorrhage).<\/span><\/li>
- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Any age, but include only cases where a Norwood procedure or equivalent is or was required in the neonatal period to sustain life.<\/span><\/li>
- Liver failure acute or chronic must be the main reason for ICU admission. Include patients admitted for recovery following liver transplantation for acute or chronic liver failure.<\/span><\/li>
- Neuro-degenerative disorder. Requires a history of progressive loss of milestones or a diagnosis where this will inevitably occur.<\/span><\/li>
- Bronchiolitis. Include children who present either with respiratory distress or central apnoea where the clinical diagnosis is bronchiolitis.<\/span><\/li>
- Obstructive sleep apnoea. Include patients admitted following adenoidectomy and\/or tonsillectomy in whom obstructive sleep apnoea is the main reason for ICU admission (and code as recovery from surgery).<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
- Pupillary reactions to bright light are used as an index of brain function. Do not record an abnormal finding if this is due to drugs, toxins or local eye injury.<\/span><\/li>
- Record SBP as 0 if the patient is in cardiac arrest, record 30 if the patient is shocked and the blood pressure is so low that it cannot be measured.<\/span><\/li>
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